Обґрунтування методу термічної дистиляції з термоелектричним тепловим насосом для тривалих космічних місій
Ключові слова:
термоелектрика, тепловий насос, дистиляторАнотація
У статті описані основні методи термічної дистиляції, які можна використовувати для довготривалих космічних місій з людьми. Показано їх переваги та недоліки, наведено основні відомості щодо характеристик роботи систем, а саме: продуктивності по дистиляту, питомої витрати енергії на одиницю маси одержуваного дистиляту і якості дистиляту при випарюванні (концентруванні) водного розчину NaCl, урини й сумішей – урини з конденсатом, урини з конденсатом і гігієнічною водою. Вказано на обмеження, що не дозволяють їх використовувати для польотів та можливі шляхи їх вирішення.
This article describes the main methods of thermal distillation that can be used for long-term space missions with humans. Their advantages and disadvantages are shown, the basic information on the characteristics of the systems, namely: productivity of the distillate, specific energy consumption per unit mass of the distillate and the quality of the distillate by evaporation (concentration) of aqueous NaCl solution, urine and mixtures - urine with condensate, with condensate and hygienic water. Restrictions that do not allow them to be used for flights and possible ways to solve them are indicated.
Посилання
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